Modeling studies of the adsorption of Methyl Red and Acid Yellow 36 dyes by sulphonated Ulva lactuca carbon.

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the adsorption of Acid Yellow 36 (AY36) and Methyl Red (MR) dyes using a novel sulfonated biochar carbon (GASC) synthesized from green algae (Ulva lactuca) via a reflux method in the presence of 80% sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄). The structural and surface characteristics of the resultant GASC were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). GASC exhibited a relatively low BET surface area of 6.27 m²/g, with a monolayer volume of 1.4392 cm³ (STP)/g. The total pore volume was measured as 0.0203 cm³/g, and the mean pore size was 12.971 nm. GASC's total weight loss was 46.52%, indicating higher thermal stability co

SUBMITTER: Hassaan MA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12698766 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature