A dual-responsive NIR fluorescent probe for GSH and viscosity: applications in models of cellular inflammation and apoptosis.

ABSTRACT: Cancer remains a leading cause of global death. Because high levels of glutathione (GSH) and increased intracellular viscosity are known as key biomarkers linked to cancer cells, we developed a dual-responsive near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe, NIR-NOS, for simultaneous detection of mitochondrial GSH and viscosity. NIR-NOS uses NOS-Br as the GSH-responsive component and a C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bond within the NIR-1 part as the viscosity-sensitive element, with its fluorescence enhanced through the restriction of intramolecular rotation. When exposed to GSH, breaking the ether bond causes a significant fluorescence turn-on. At the same time, increased viscosity limits the rotation of the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bond, boosting the fluorescence at 640 nm by about 50

SUBMITTER: Li S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12699297 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature