Genome-wide association study and fine-mapping identify a major quantitative trait locus controlling hundred-seed weight in soybean.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Hundred-seed weight (HSW) is a critical yield component in soybean that directly influences productivity and seed quality. Despite its agronomic importance, the genetic architecture underlying natural variation in seed weight remains incompletely understood.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 554 globally diverse soybean accessions, comprising 453 Chinese varieties (81.8%) and 101 international accessions (18.2%) from 15 countries. Accessions were evaluated across three consecutive years (2022-2024) and genotyped with 78,050 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Results

Mixed linear model (MLM) analysis revealed a major QTL on Chr.20 that consistently explained the largest proportion of phenotypic

SUBMITTER: Zhang C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12699474 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature