Clinical risk phenotypes in diabetes and their associations with adverse cardiovascular events: A report from the Silesia Diabetes-Heart Project.

ABSTRACT:

Aims

Diabetes is characterized by clinical heterogeneity. This study aimed to identify different clinical phenotypes of real-world people with diabetes and to assess their associations with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).

Methods

From a prospective Polish registry of people with diabetes, hierarchical cluster analysis was performed based on 19 variables, including co-morbidities and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. The primary outcome was the risk of MACEs (CV death, acute coronary syndrome and myocardial revascularizations, ischaemic stroke, new onset heart failure, and hospitalization for CV reasons). Secondary exploratory outcomes were each MACE component and all-cause death.

Results

On 2109 participants (median age 60 years, interquartile range [IQR]

SUBMITTER: Mantovani M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12700509 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature