Unraveling the oral microbiome's role in Alzheimer's disease: From pathophysiology to therapeutic potential.

ABSTRACT: Oral dysbiosis contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD) by promoting neuroinflammation. Pathobionts such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Fusobacterium nucleatum release virulence factors that induce amyloid beta aggregation and tau hyperphosphorylation, while the loss of commensals like Streptococcus salivarius and Neisseria spp. impairs anti-inflammatory protection, worsening neuronal damage. P. gingivalis is strongly linked to an increased risk of AD, especially in individuals with systemic conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. Its presence in brain tissue correlates with a higher likelihood of AD, while salivary Veillonella and periodontal pathogens in gingival crevicular fluid show potential as non-invasive biomarkers for early AD dete

SUBMITTER: Rozenblum G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12701368 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature