Whole-Genome Sequencing in Galicia Reveals Male-Biased Pre-Islamic North African Ancestry, Subtle Population Structure, and Microgeographic Patterns of Disease Risk.

ABSTRACT: Galicia, at the westernmost edge of Europe, exhibits distinctive genetic traits compared to other Iberian populations. We present the first whole-genome sequencing (WGS) study of a Galician population (GALOMICS; n = 91; 17.2 M variants; https://galomics.genpob.eu), analyzed alongside WGS data from other Spanish and continental populations (n = 1078). Contrary to recent claims of extreme genetic stratification, Galicia's structure reflects broader Iberian patterns, characterized by one major genetic cluster and four minor, localized ones. Analyses of the Spanish National DNA Bank (NDNAB; n = 453) confirm this pattern, with three Galician clusters, one clearly predominant. Phylogenetic analysis places Galician clusters on terminal, recently diverged branches, challenging earlier models sugge

SUBMITTER: Pardo-Seco J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12701565 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature