Quantitative risk assessment of human H5N1 infection from consumption of fluid cow's milk.

ABSTRACT: The spillover of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b into dairy cattle has raised concerns over the safety of fluid milk. While no foodborne infection has been reported in humans, this strain has infected at least 70 people and milk from infected cows is known to be infectious by ingestion in multiple other species. Investigation into the public health threat of this outbreak is warranted. This farm-to-table quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) uses stochastic models to assess the risk of human infection from consumption of raw and pasteurized fluid cow's milk from the United States supply chains. These models were parameterized with literature emerging from this outbreak, then employed to estimate the H5N1 infection risk and evaluate multiple potential interventions aimed at reducing this risk.

SUBMITTER: Koebel KJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12704639 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature