Urine-Derived CD105-Positive Exosome Promotes Macrophage M1 Polarization Through the TGF-β1/Smad3 Signaling Axis To Exacerbate Lupus Nephritis.

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the regulatory role of exosomal CD105 in macrophage polarization and its mechanisms in lupus nephritis (LN). Analysis of samples from 20 LN patients revealed significant CD105 overexpression in kidney tissues and urinary exosomes. Exosomes were isolated from the urine specimens and tested for CD105 expression levels. Exosomes overexpressing or knocking down CD105 were co-cultured with macrophages to detect the levels of M1/M2 markers (CD86, IL-6, ARG-1, and IL-10) and changes in the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway. Rescue experiments were performed using the TGF-β1 agonist (80116-RNAH) and inhibitor (SB431542). For in vivo experiments, exosomes overexpressing or knocking down CD105 were injected into a systemic lupus erythematosus model mice (MRL/lpr) to observe changes in ren

SUBMITTER: Pang Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12705812 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature