Associations between tobacco smoking and mortality: a sex-stratified cohort analysis.

ABSTRACT: To investigate the associations between tobacco smoking and mortality, focusing on all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality, with analyses stratified by sex. A total of 333 559 participants were included. Smoking status was categorized as current, past, or never. Cox proportional hazards regression models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality outcomes, adjusted for potential confounders. During a median follow-up of 11.8 years, 20 381 deaths occurred, including 4024 cardiovascular deaths. Current smokers had substantially increased risks of all-cause mortality (HR 2.37 [2.25-2.50] in males; HR 2.65 [2.47-2.84] in females), cardiovascular mortality (HR 2.58 [2.31-2.87] in males; HR 3.79 [3.17-4.54] in females), and cancer mortality (HR 2.47 [2

SUBMITTER: Vallee A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12707473 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature