Genetically predicted CD28 on CD4+ CD45RA+ T cells mediate the association between rheumatoid arthritis and blood leukocytes mitochondrial DNA copy number: A mediation Mendelian randomization study.

ABSTRACT: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder affecting approximately 1% of adults globally, characterized by synovial inflammation and cartilage destruction. A connection between RA and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) has been found in observational studies, but the causal relationship remains unresolved. This study is the first to integrate bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) and mediation analysis to explore whether RA causally affects mtDNA-CN and to identify immune cell phenotypes, particularly CD28 on CD4 + CD45RA + T cells, that mediate this relationship. This study uses publicly available summary-level data from genome-wide association studies and performs a 2-step MR analysis to investigate causal relationships between RA,731 immune cell phenotypes, an

SUBMITTER: Song X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12708153 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature