Robotic-assisted versus laparoscopic versus open liver resection: comparison of postoperative outcomes according to the IWATE difficulty score.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Minimally invasive liver surgery (MILS) has become increasingly established, yet the relative benefits of laparoscopic (LLR) and robotic-assisted liver resection (RLR) compared with open liver resection (OLR) across different levels of surgical difficulty remain debated. This study aimed to compare perioperative outcomes of RLR, LLR, and OLR stratified by the IWATE difficulty score.

Methods

All consecutive patients undergoing elective liver resection between April 2018 and December 2024 at a high-volume hepatobiliary center were retrospectively analyzed from a prospectively maintained database. Patients were stratified into low/intermediate (IWATE 0-6) and advanced/expert (IWATE 7-12) groups. Multivariable regression and interaction term analyses were performed to

SUBMITTER: Abdelhadi S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12708814 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature