Near-cognate tRNAs enhance tRNA rejection and prime the ribosome for rapid subsequent tRNA testing.

ABSTRACT: The ribosome plays a central role in translating the genetic code into amino acid sequences during polypeptide synthesis. In each cycle of peptide elongation, the ribosome discriminates between correct and incorrect aminoacyl-tRNAs based on the codon present in its A-site. To ensure high fidelity, ribosomes employ multiple proofreading mechanisms that reduce the selection of incorrect aminoacyl-tRNAs. Initial proofreading of incorrect tRNAs (near-cognate or non-cognate) is well understood in prokaryotic ribosomes but incompletely understood in eukaryotic systems. To investigate tRNA selection and accommodation for both cognate and near-cognate tRNAs, we employed single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer with an in vitro eukaryotic translation system assembled on an error-prone

SUBMITTER: Fritsch C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12709386 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature