Plasma proteomic profiling and molecular clustering reveal immune-defined prognostic subtypes in lung adenocarcinoma.

ABSTRACT: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a biologically and clinically heterogeneous disease that poses a major challenge for prognosis and treatment. In this study, we performed proteomic profiling in a cohort of 88 LUAD patients to identify molecular subgroups and investigate their clinical relevance. Unsupervised clustering of the proteomic data allowed us to identify two distinct patient groups with different demographic, clinical, and molecular characteristics. Cluster 1 consisted predominantly of older patients and showed increased expression of immune and inflammatory pathways, including significant enrichment of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and Toll-like receptor signaling. This suggests a stronger innate immune response that may be associated with better disease control. In contrast, Cluster

SUBMITTER: Neogi U 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12712354 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature