Polyfunctional T peripheral helper cells are associated with the magnitude and durability of antibody responses after COVID-19.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Examine the role of T cells in shaping and sustaining humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and identify immune factors associated with durable antibody responses.

Methods

Unvaccinated adults (n = 67) with SARS-CoV-2 infection (Wuhan) of any severity were followed longitudinally for up to 14 months. Anti-Spike (S) binding and neutralising antibodies were measured. Bulk T cell IFNγ and IL-2 responses were assessed by Fluorospot to multiple viral proteins. S-specific T-cell subsets and functions were analysed in detail by flow cytometry in a subset of participants (n = 14), combining activation-induced markers (AIMs) and cytokines. Correlations between S-specific T-cell subsets, their polyfunctionality and antibody levels over time were defined.

Results

SUBMITTER: Tungatt K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12712866 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature