Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A Shapes Monocyte Transcription and Macrophage Polarization: Implications for Immune Responses in Infection and Inflammation.

ABSTRACT: Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) crosslink the MHC-II on antigen-presenting cells (APC) with the T-cell receptor, inducing a polyclonal T-cell response. Although APCs are the initial targets of SE and are critical in shaping subsequent T-cell activation, the effects of SE on APC function remain poorly understood. This study investigates the immunomodulatory effects of staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) on monocytes and their differentiation into monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDC) or macrophages (MDM). Transcriptomic analyses of human monocytes via RNA sequencing revealed SEA-induced enrichment of gene pathways associated with inflammation, infection, and dermatitis, effects that were amplified in the presence of T cells. Phenotypic and functional characterization showed that SEA-prime

SUBMITTER: Arasa C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12716226 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature