Upcycling cheese whey permeate into fully bio-based surfactants through fermentation and biocatalysis.

ABSTRACT: Whey permeate (WP), the main waste stream of the dairy industry, was used as a raw material to produce fully bio-based non-ionic surfactants. Specifically, on the one hand, WP was submitted to a transglycosylation reaction catalyzed by the immobilized β-galactosidase from Aspergillus oryzae in 1-BuOH, affording 1-butyl β-D-galactopyranoside (yield 40%), which was used as the polar "head" of the surfactant. On the other hand, a WP-based fermentation process by the yeast Cutaneotrichosporon oleaginosus ATCC 20509 was employed to produce single cell oil (45% w/w_{cell dry weight}). The microbial lipids were recovered from the freeze-dried cells and derivatized in a one-pot system by acid-catalysis to yield the corresponding ethyl esters as apolar "tails" (75% w/w yield, based on lipid

SUBMITTER: Semproli R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12718223 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature