Etoposide activates CD8⁺ T cell anti-tumor immunity in osteosarcoma through MHC I upregulation via tumor-secreted IL-33 mediated signaling.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Osteosarcoma patients with high propensity for metastasis and recurrence generally encounter a poor prognosis. Despite the extensive exploration of immunotherapy, particularly the anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) antibody, in clinical trials, the efficacy remains unsatisfactory. A more profound comprehension of the resistance mechanisms and the development of innovative therapeutic strategies is imperative.

Methods

A screening was performed for drugs capable of upregulating major histocompatibility class I (MHC I) expression among clinically common drugs. The effects of the drug on both T cells and tumor cells, as well as its combination efficacy with anti-PD-1 antibody, were studied in vitro and in vivo osteosarcoma models. The molecular mechanism

SUBMITTER: He X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12718598 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature