Increased serum APOC3 in patients with syphilis can predict the absence of Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction after benzathine penicillin treatment.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) was found to induce inflammation in human monocytes. Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR) was perceived to be caused by immune reactions of dividing spirochaetes to penicillin treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of APOC3 in patients with syphilis and JHR.

Methods

This prospective cohort study enrolled adult patients with active syphilis with/without JHR. Serum samples were collected before and after administration of the first dose of benzathine penicillin and the serum levels of APOC3 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The APOC3 level and changes in APOC3 level before and after benzathine penicillin treatment in different groups were compared with the Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis

SUBMITTER: Tsai HC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12718727 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature