Inflammatory and Insulinemic Dietary Patterns and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Among Women With a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Study of 84,174 Person-Years of Follow-up.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

We examined the associations of inflammatory and insulinemic diets with type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Research design and methods

We followed 4,318 women with a history of GDM in the Nurses' Health Study II for incident T2D between 1991 and 2019. Empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) and empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) scores were calculated using prevalidated methods. Cox models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the risk of T2D. Additionally, we estimated the least squares means of cardiometabolic biomarkers according to EDIP and EDIH quintiles in a subset of participants who were free of T2D at the time of blood collection.

Results

During 84

SUBMITTER: Liu P 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12719706 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature