Sphingomyelin regulates astrocyte activity by regulating NF-κB signaling via HDAC1/3 expression.

ABSTRACT: Astrocytes comprise approximately 40% of CNS cells and have pivotal roles in brain functions. Under steady-state conditions, astrocytes maintain homeostasis in the CNS through the uptake or release of neurotransmitters. However, in neurodegenerative conditions, astrocytes are activated by inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1alpha (IL-1α) and TNF-α, which are released from activated microglia. Activated astrocytes release several inflammatory cytokines and neurotoxic substances, resulting in neuronal injury. Sphingolipids are a series of bioactive lipids involved in several biological processes, such as apoptosis, inflammatory response, cell cycle, and immune response. SM is a sphingolipid that is a major component of the cellular membrane and is also involved in inflammatory respo

SUBMITTER: Kadowaki R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12721041 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature