Epidemiology, clinical, molecular features, and prognosis of early-onset biliary tract cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background & aims

Early-onset gastrointestinal cancers represent a growing global health concern. Among these, early-onset biliary tract cancer (EO-BTC) remains relatively understudied. In this systematic review, we synthesize current evidence for EO-BTC.

Methods

A comprehensive systematic literature search was performed across multiple databases. Original studies investigating epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, pathological and/or molecular features, treatment, and prognosis of EO-BTC were included and synthesized. Meta-analyses were performed using the Mantel-Haenszel and generic inverse variance methods with random-effects models.

Results

In total, 32 studies were included. EO-BTC incidence varied by anatomical subtype, with a notable increase in ea

SUBMITTER: Akkus E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12721042 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature