Diverging views between clinicians, service users, family caregivers and researchers on the classification of restrictive practices in mental health services.

ABSTRACT:

Aims

Efforts to reduce restrictive practices (RPs) in mental health care are growing internationally. Yet, inconsistent definitions and perspectives often challenge the consistent implementation and evaluation of reduction strategies. This study explored which scenarios different mental health stakeholders classify as RPs, examined the contextual factors influencing these classifications and compared classification patterns across clinicians, researchers, service users and family caregivers.

Methods

An international cross-sectional survey was conducted using a multilingual online questionnaire hosted on the Qualtrics platform. A total of 851 stakeholders participated, including clinicians (n = 517), service users (n = 80), family caregivers (n = 89) and

SUBMITTER: Belayneh Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12721989 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature