Micro-nano-bubble ozonation enhanced thiamethoxam mineralization and toxicity alleviation in wastewater.

ABSTRACT: Neonicotinoid insecticides (NNIs), including thiamethoxam (TMX), clothianidin, and imidacloprid, are widely used in agriculture to control pests. Consequently, they have been frequently detected in wastewater, posing significant ecotoxicological risks. Conventional ozonation is widely applied for NNI removal but is limited by low mineralization efficiency and high effluent toxicity. However, the mechanisms of the performance limitations and increased toxicity remain unclear, hindering the effective application of ozonation in wastewater treatment. This study constructed a novel micro-nano-bubble ozonation (MNB-O₃) system, which enhanced the degradation rate of TMX, a representative NNI, by 34.7% and the mineralization efficiency by 176.5%, compared to conventional bubble ozonati

SUBMITTER: Li X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12723015 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature