Phytochemical profiling of <i>Lepidium apetalum</i> using GC/LC-MS metabolomics coupled with chemometric and bioactivity analyses.

ABSTRACT: Lepidium apetalum is valued for its food and medicinal uses; however, research on its chemistry and bioactivities remains limited. This study investigated volatile oils (VOs) and non-volatile extracts (NVEs) from different plant parts. GC-MS identified 111 volatiles dominated by nitrogen- (1.99-70.38 % across plant parts), sulfur- (5.65-62.07 %), and terpenoid-type compounds (0.28-61.06 %). UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-HRMS characterized 573 metabolites, including fatty acids, amino acids, and phenylpropanoids. PCA and PLS-DA revealed significant metabolic differences, identifying 26 differential compounds from GC-MS and 88 from LC-MS. Bioactivity variations were notable: root and husk VOs showed the strongest NO inhibition (IC₅₀ 1.34-2.24 μg/mL), leaf NVE was most active against HL-

SUBMITTER: Lin F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12723153 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature