Infective endocarditis caused by <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> in an immunocompetent patient without structural heart disease or invasive procedures: case report and literature review.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Infective endocarditis caused by Lactobacillus rhamnosus is extremely rare, particularly in immunocompetent patients without structural heart disease or recent invasive procedures.

Case summary

A 42-year-old immunocompetent man with no structural heart disease or recent interventions presented with fever and dyspnoea. Blood cultures grew L. rhamnosus. Transoesophageal echocardiography revealed a large vegetation on the aortic valve causing severe regurgitation, along with severe mitral regurgitation due to anterior leaflet perforation. The only identifiable risk factor was regular probiotic consumption. The patient underwent successful double valve replacement and completed 6 weeks of antibiotic therapy with favourable outcome.

Discussion

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SUBMITTER: Claros Ruiz JA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12723217 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature