Pollutants Transformation During the Regeneration Process of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalysts.

ABSTRACT: Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is the major process for heavy oil conversion in current refineries and is explored for the intake of renewable feedstocks, like biomass and plastic waste. Due to coke deposition, FCC catalysts undergo continuous reaction-regeneration cycles. However, many gas pollutants are generated in the FCC regeneration process, and their emission characteristics and formation mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we conducted stack tests of three industrial FCC units to monitor pollutant emissions. The spent catalysts were characterized to identify the carbon deposits formed. We developed a method to correlate the decomposition of carbon deposits and the formation of gas pollutants in regeneration experiments using in situ Raman spectroscopy, operando FT-IR spectrosco

SUBMITTER: Bian J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12723451 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature