Pirenzepine exhibits anti-prostate cancer activity and enhances checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy by targeting STING.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Therapeutic options targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have been approved for use in human malignancies, showing clinical benefits. Nonetheless, a significant number of patients, particularly those with prostate cancer (PCa), show poor response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies, highlighting the necessity to explore supportive strategies that could enhance conventional PD-1/PD-L1-targeting immunotherapy.

Methods

PCa cell lines DU145 and RM1 were used to investigate the effects of pirenzepine (PZP) on the proliferation, colony formation, and migration of PCa cells in vitro. A subcutaneous tumor model bearing DU145 and RM1 was established to evaluate the anti-tumor effect in vivo. Lentivirus transfection and quantitative p

SUBMITTER: Xu J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12723935 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature