Impact of difficult-to-treat depression for patients and society: a real-world study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Treatments and evolution of depressive disorders are highly heterogeneous, with difficult-to-treat depression (DTD) presenting elevated medical and economic burdens, particularly when accompanied with suicidality. This study analyzed clinical profiles, evolution, and costs associated with major depressive disorder (MDD), MDD with suicide risk (MDD-SR), DTD, and DTD with suicide risk (DTD-SR) over 12 months, considering initial healthcare pathways.

Methods

A cohort of 3,941 individuals aged ≥18 years was recruited between 2014 and 2018 in four Madrid hospitals. Patients were classified according to their first contact with mental health services through emergency settings (emergency-first) or outpatient settings (outpatient-first). Sociodemographic data, Internatio

SUBMITTER: Benavente S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12724535 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature