Chloroquine Enhances Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling-Mediated Cytokine Induction and Alters Mitochondrial Morphology.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Chloroquine (CQ), a well-known antimalarial agent, has been proposed as a potential antiviral compound due to its ability to interfere with multiple cellular pathways critical for viral replication. Although CQ exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity, its effect on host innate immune responses remains incompletely understood. The timing of CQ administration, whether before or after infection, may lead to different immunological outcomes. Therefore, the immunomodulatory effects of CQ should be carefully evaluated before antiviral therapy.

Methods

To investigate the immunomodulatory role of CQ (50 μm), we used immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, and reporter assays to evaluate innate immune activation in A549 cells. We established a doxycycl

SUBMITTER: Kao YT 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12726877 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature