Causal relationship between circulating micronutrient levels and bipolar disorder: A Mendelian randomization study.

ABSTRACT: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a significant mental health condition characterized by alternating episodes of mania and depression, impacting millions worldwide. Genetic factors are known to play a major role in BD, but the influence of circulating micronutrient levels remains unclear. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and multiple MR were used to assess the impact of 15 circulating micronutrients, including copper, selenium, zinc, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, carotene, folate, and vitamins A, B6, B12, C, D, and E on BD risk. Genetic data were sourced from Genome-Wide Association Studies, and BD case-control data were obtained from the FinnGen consortium. Inverse variance weighted was the main analysis method. The heterogeneity of the instrumental variables was assessed using inver

SUBMITTER: You T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12727273 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature