A fault-tolerant neutral-atom architecture for universal quantum computation.

ABSTRACT: Quantum error correction (QEC)^1,2 is essential for the realization of large-scale quantum computers^3,4. However, owing to the complexity of operating on the encoded 'logical' qubits^5,6, understanding the physical principles for building fault-tolerant quantum devices and combining them into efficient architectures is an outstanding scientific challenge. Here we use reconfigurable arrays of up to 448 neutral atoms to implement the key elements of a universal, fault-tolerant quantum processing architecture and experimentally explore their underlying working mechanisms. We first use surface codes to study how repeated QEC suppresses errors^6,7, demonstrating 2.14(13)x below-threshold performance in a four-round characterization circuit by leveraging

SUBMITTER: Bluvstein D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12727508 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature