Clinical and prognostic significance of various anemia types in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Current risk models for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) omit anemia, although it may aggravate symptoms and haemodynamics. We assessed whether anemia and its subtypes add prognostic value.

Methods

This study included patients with idiopathic (IPAH) or connective tissue disease-associated PAH (CTD-PAH). Anemia was classified per WHO criteria into four subtypes: anemia of chronic disease (ACD), iron deficiency anemia (IDA), ACD/IDA overlap, and multifactorial anemia. Risk stratification followed the ESC 2022 guidelines and was reassessed after 12 months.

Results

Among 127 patients (78.7% IPAH, 21.3% CTD-PAH) anemia was present in 22 patients (17.3%), including ACD (31.8%), ACD/IDA overlap (27.3%), and multifactorial anemia (40.9%). Patients with anemi

SUBMITTER: Waligora M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12727604 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature