Metformin improves pregnancy outcomes in non-PCOS women with insulin resistance and recurrent implantation failure before frozen embryo transfer.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) leads to a significant waste of embryos and imposes substantial physical, emotional, and financial stress on patients. Given its complex and diverse etiology, identifying the underlying causes and developing effective interventions are crucial. Previous studies have shown that insulin resistance (IR) has negative effects on reproductive health, and metformin pre-treatment helps improve the pregnancy outcomes in IR patients. However, its role in patients with RIF remains unclear, especially in those without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted. The FET cycles of RIF patients without PCOS were stratified based on the presence or absence of IR. We used the univariate and multivariate

SUBMITTER: Peng L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12727630 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature