Association between low-concentration PM_2.5 exposure and emergency department visits for cardiovascular diseases: a time-series study.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Substantial epidemiological evidence suggests that both short- and long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅) increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, uncertainty persists regarding the cardiovascular effects of low-level PM₂.₅ exposure. This study aimed to clarify the association between PM₂.₅ and CVD morbidity in Haikou, China.

Methods

A time-series design with Distributed Lag Non-linear Models (DLNMs) was employed to assess the short-term associations between PM₂.₅ exposure and daily CVD-related emergency department (ED) visits across three major hospitals in Haikou (2018-2021), with stratified analyses by sex and age.

Results

Among 988,020 total ED visits, 69,099 (7.0%) were CVD-related. Our analyses revealed a distinctive thre

SUBMITTER: Zhang J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12728070 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature