Cancer vaccine overcomes immune evasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by restoring MHC-I through transcriptional regulation of NLRC5.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is considered an immune-hot tumour. However, 30-80% of cases exhibit downregulation of antigen processing and presentation machinery (APM), enabling the evasion of host immunosurveillance. While cancer vaccines aim to trigger immune responses against tumour antigens, their efficacy in APM-deficient tumours remains uncertain. This study evaluates the efficacy of cancer vaccine targeting tumour-associated antigens in APM-downregulated NPC cells in vitro and further validates the modulation of APM pathways in vivo.

Methods

APM status was evaluated via differential gene expression analysis of 42 NPC tumours and 4 non-NPC tissues using a 17-gene APM signature. Genes downregulated in NPC and associated with reduced MHC-I expression were id

SUBMITTER: Gan CP 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12728998 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature