The ratio of omega-6 fatty acids to omega-3 fatty acids mediating the effect of gastroesophageal reflux disease on pancreatic cancer risk: a two-step mediation Mendelian randomisation study.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with the 5-year survival rate for patients with PC in developed countries being only 9-10%. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is known to be a high-risk factor for several cancers. However, the relationship between GERD and PC remains controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the causal association between GERD and the risk of PC. Additionally, we sought to validate the role of omega-6/omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6/n-3 PUFA) as mediators in this pathway by calculating their mediating effect.

Methods

First, a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomisation (TSMR) framework was established to test the causal relationship between GERD and PC and to

SUBMITTER: Ouyang J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12729688 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature