Alpha-Synuclein Neurobiology in Parkinson's Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Its Role, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Perspectives.

ABSTRACT: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and the presence of intracellular α-synuclein (αSyn) aggregates known as Lewy bodies (LB). αSyn, a presynaptic protein, is believed to play a crucial role in synaptic function, neurotransmitter release, and neuronal plasticity. However, its misfolding and aggregation are thought to be central to PD pathogenesis. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of αSyn's role in PD, exploring its normal physiological functions, pathological mechanisms, and therapeutic potential. The pathological transformation of αSyn involves structural alterations that promote oligomerization and fibrillization, leading to toxic gain-of-function effects. These ag

SUBMITTER: Pitton Rissardo J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12731173 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature