Refractive Errors and Amblyopia in Mexican Children Aged 6-12 Years: Clinical Prevalence and Visual Impact.

ABSTRACT: Background: Refractive errors (REs) and amblyopia are the leading causes of visual impairment (VI) in children worldwide; however, national data for Mexico are scarce. Objective: We aim to estimate the clinical prevalence of RE, refractive amblyopia, and associated visual impairment (VI) in Mexican children aged 6-12 years. Methods: We analyzed 784,372 non-cycloplegic eye examinations from Salud Digna outpatient clinics across all 32 Mexican states (2021-2025). REs were classified as myopia (≤-0.50 D), hyperopia (≥+2.00 D), or astigmatism (≤ -1.00 D cylinder). Refractive amblyopia was defined as best-corrected visual acuity ≤ 20/30 in the most affected eye. The VI categories followed the WHO criteria. Results: Myopia was the most frequent (43.86%), followed by a

SUBMITTER: Garcia-Gil A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12731987 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature