From Grape Stalks to Lignin Nanoparticles: A Study on Extraction Scale-Up, Solubility Enhancement and Green Nanoparticle Production.

ABSTRACT: To effectively valorize lignin, some challenges must be addressed. First, emerging techniques based on green methods may experience difficulties during the scale-up process. Secondly, the low solubility of lignin can hinder further valorization. This study investigated the impact of lignin extraction scale-up on yield and purity and evaluated strategies to enhance lignin solubility. Lignin from grape stalks was extracted using two previously optimized methods-alkaline and deep eutectic solvents-at a scale-up by factors of 5, 10, and 20 times. Although a slight decrease in extraction yield was observed with increasing scale, lignin purity remained consistent across all conditions. After extraction, lignin samples were subjected to solubilization tests using surfactants (Tween 20, Tween 80,

SUBMITTER: Cassoni AC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12731988 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature