Spectral Multi-Scale Attention Fusion Network for Rapid Detection of Black Tea Adulteration Using a Handheld Spectrometer.

ABSTRACT: Black tea is a widely consumed beverage whose high economic value has led some producers to illegally add artificial colorants such as Sunset Yellow, Tartrazine, and Ponceau 4R, posing health risks. Although near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy offers a rapid, non-destructive detection method, its use in trace-level colorant detection is limited due to low adulterant concentrations and interference from natural tea pigments. Hence, we developed a rapid, non-destructive method for detecting trace adulteration (from 0.1 to 0.5 g·kg^-1) in black tea with artificial colorants using a handheld near-infrared spectrometer. To enhance sensitivity to low-level adulteration, we proposed a novel Spectral Multi-scale Attention Fusion Network (SMAFNet), designed to dynamically integrate multiscal

SUBMITTER: Tang J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12732540 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature