The Clock Drawing Test: A Valid Screening Instrument for Dementia Detection in Low-Educated Patients?

ABSTRACT: Objective: The non-verbal nature of the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) suggests it is a suitable cognitive screening instrument for populations with lower educational levels and/or language barriers. This study evaluates whether the CDT is a valid screening instrument for low-educated patients and includes a qualitative analysis of CDT errors. Method: A total of 503 participants were included, divided into four groups (dementia, MCI, no cognitive impairment, and other diagnosis), based on a clinical diagnosis by a geriatrician. Educational levels were categorized into four groups: no education and low, middle, and high education. CDT scores were assessed using the seven-point scoring system (Freedman), and two cutoff points were evaluated. Results: Results showed that in all

SUBMITTER: Boots-van der Heiden J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12732869 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature