Effects of Exercise on Flow-Mediated Dilation in Patients with Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of exercise on vascular flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in patients with heart failure (HF) and to identify the optimal exercise model for this population. A comprehensive search was conducted in the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases, including data published up to 18 August 2025. A meta-analysis was conducted to calculate standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 224 participants in the intervention groups and 185 participants in the control groups. The results demonstrated that exercise significantly improved FMD (SMD = 1.14, p < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis showed that aerobic exercise (SMD = 1.25, p < 0.0001), intervention period ≤ 8

SUBMITTER: Chen Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12734056 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature