Evaluation, Management and Therapeutic Approach of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A Multidisciplinary Delphi Expert Consensus.

ABSTRACT: Objective: We aimed to develop multidisciplinary recommendations for the management of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome in Spain. Methods: The Delphi method was used. The final questionnaire comprised 61 statements that were assessed using a 9-point Likert scale of agreement, from 1 = fully disagree to 9 = fully agree. A consensus was reached when 80% of answers in all specialties were in the range of 7-9. The overall median was used as a measure of the strength of agreement. Results: A total of 70 (97%) panelists met the selection criteria and completed two rounds, including cardiology (13), endocrinology (12), internal medicine (12), nephrology (14), and primary care (19). Among the 61 statements, a consensus was reached in 54 (89%). The consensus to be

SUBMITTER: Orozco-Beltran D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12734211 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature