Boswellic Acid Enhances Gemcitabine's Inhibition of Hypoxia-Driven Angiogenesis in Human Endometrial Cancer.

ABSTRACT: Background and Objectives: Endometrial carcinoma is among the most common gynecological malignancies, with recurrence and chemoresistance remaining major clinical challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of Boswellic acid (BA), a natural pentacyclic triterpene, and Gemcitabine (GEM), a nucleoside analog chemotherapeutic, on hypoxia, angiogenesis, and apoptosis in human endometrial cancer cells. Materials and Methods: ECC-1 cells were treated with BA, GEM, or their combination under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Cell viability (MTT assay); nuclear morphology (NucBlue staining); cell cycle distribution (PI flow cytometry); angiogenesis (VEGF ELISA expression); apoptosis (Caspase-3/7 activity; Bax; Bcl-2 expression); inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β; IL-6; T

SUBMITTER: Alkan Akalın S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12735310 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature