Impact of Dietary Patterns on Skeletal Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Bone Mineral Density, Fracture, Bone Turnover Markers, and Nutritional Status.

ABSTRACT: Background/Objectives: Dietary patterns play a crucial role in musculoskeletal health; however, the effects of different diets on bone mineral density (BMD), fracture risk, and bone metabolism remain inconsistent across studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of Mediterranean, calorie restriction, high-protein, low-carbohydrate, and ketogenic diets on skeletal outcomes in adults. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed/MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and Web of Science was conducted for studies published between January 2000 and June 2025. Eligible randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies involving adults (≥18 years) and reporting outcomes related to BMD, fractures, bone turnover markers, and vitamin D or calcium status were included.

SUBMITTER: Mullath Ullas A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12735435 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature