Aqueous Biphasic Systems Based on Tetrabutylammonium Bromide for Extraction and Determination of Azorubine, Allura Red, Sunset Yellow, Tartrazine and Fast Green in Food Samples.

ABSTRACT: Aqueous biphasic systems (ABSs) based on tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBABr) and potassium thiocyanate or citrate (K₃Cit) were proposed as "green" tools for liquid-liquid microextraction of Azorubine, Allura Red, Sunset Yellow, Tartrazine and Fast Green followed by spectrophotometric determination. The dye extraction into the water-saturated tetrabutylammonium thiocyanate phase, which separates from water when mixing aqueous solutions of TBABr and KSCN, depends on the hydrophobicity of dyes. Only Azorubine is extracted quantitatively at HCl concentration ≥ 0.05 mol L^-1, with an equimolar TBABr/KSCN ratio and total concentration of 0.4 mol L^-1 in less than 1 min. To estimate the hydrophobicity and identify factors affecting the distribution of dyes in ABSs, t

SUBMITTER: Smirnova SV 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12735457 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature