Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase: A Core Regulator of Plant Carbon Metabolic Flux Redistribution-From Molecular Mechanisms and Growth Modulation to Stress Adaptability.

ABSTRACT: Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is the core branch-point enzyme connecting plant primary aromatic amino acid metabolism to the phenylpropanoid pathway, which determines carbon flux redistribution between growth and defense and is essential for plant adaptation to various environments. Extensive research has clarified PAL's conserved homotetrameric structure, MIO cofactor-dependent catalytic mechanism, and its roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, there is a lack of comprehensive review studies focusing on PAL-mediated carbon metabolic flux redistribution, specifically covering its structural and evolutionary foundations, the links between this flux regulation and plant growth/development, its multi-layered regulatory network, and its roles in stress adaptatio

SUBMITTER: Wu X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12737037 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature