Ultra-Efficient Removal of Crystal Violet Dye Using Industrial Brine and Horn-Derived Biochar: Synergistic Action of Salting-Out/Adsorption.

ABSTRACT: This study introduces an innovative hybrid approach combining salting-out and adsorption for the highly efficient removal of crystal violet (CV) dye from aqueous solutions. The method leverages high-ionic-strength brine discharge from the Complex of El-Outaya (CEO, ENASEL, Biskra, Algeria) and micro-mesoporous biochar derived from calves' horn cores (BHC-800). Results demonstrate that both undiluted and diluted brine significantly enhance CV removal, while BHC-800, with a surface area of 258 m² g^-1, exhibits a maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of 106.1 mg g^-1 (at 20 °C ± 2). Thermodynamic analysis confirms a spontaneous (ΔG° < 0) and exothermic (ΔH° = -0.86 kJ mol^-1) process, with increased interfacial disorder (ΔS° = 93.5

SUBMITTER: Nouioua A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12737601 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature