Adenoviral vector oropharyngeal spray immunization elicits mucosal immunity and protects against heterologous SARS-CoV-2 infection.

ABSTRACT: Mucosal immunity may be required to prevent the ongoing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 emerging variants of concern. To define the most efficient way to induce protective mucosal immunity, we compared three different forms of mucosal antigen exposure in mRNA pre-immunized rhesus macaques. Two vaccine groups received an oropharyngeal spray immunization with either an adenoviral vector or a live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (LAV). A third group was infected with SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant as a comparator group representing the exposure history of most humans. Profound levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA antibodies and mucosal T cell responses in the bronchoalveolar lavage next to systemic IgG antibodies were induced after the adenoviral vector boost and the delta infection, but not after LAV immuni

SUBMITTER: Koopman G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12739146 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature