Sex differences in the burden of multiple long-term conditions among Japanese individuals with heart failure.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) are common among individuals with heart failure (HF); however, the influence of sex on clinical characteristics and prognosis remains unclear. This study investigated sex-related differences in clinical characteristics and prognosis in individuals with HF and a high MLTC burden.

Methods

We conducted a multicentre retrospective study of 3004 hospitalised patients with HF who survived to discharge. Comorbid chronic conditions were defined using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and MLTC burden was quantified using the age-adjusted CCI. Patients were stratified into high (CCI≥6; n=1514) and low (CCI<6; n=1490) MLTC burden groups based on the median age-adjusted CCI, and comparisons were made by sex. The primary outcome was a

SUBMITTER: Tara S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12742165 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature